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The Fuel Cycle — Tritium & Helium-3

Tritium-Lean: The Burner's Fuel-Cycle Discipline

The burner holds almost no tritium — a fuel-cycle property, not a safety add-on.

The burner's fuel cycle is tritium-lean by construction: it produces tritium only as a transient D-D by-product, burns much of it immediately, and lets the rest decay toward helium-3. Its standing tritium inventory is a trace, enforced by the cycle's own mass balance.

The science

Unlike a D-T plant, the burner never stores tritium as fuel. The D-D breeding branch makes a small amount, about 17% of which burns in secondary reactions; the remainder decays to helium-3 — the fuel the plant actually wants. The mass-balance ledger holds the standing inventory to a trace quantity.

Why it matters

A fuel cycle that keeps tritium a trace species is a fuel cycle with a small radiological source term. Tritium-lean is therefore both a licensing posture and a fuel-cycle fact, and it falls directly out of choosing D-3He over D-T.

The numbers

Burner tritiumtransient D-D by-product
Burned immediately~17%
Remainderdecays to helium-3
Standing inventorytrace (mass-balance enforced)
Consequencesmall radiological source term
Straight answersTritium-lean is a fuel-cycle property verified in the mass-balance ledger; operational tritium accountancy at plant scale is an execution item, scoped openly, and the burner never stores tritium as fuel.
Kronos is the fusion company that shows its work. Every figure here traces to the openly deposited Kronos simulation programme and design-point records (CC BY 4.0). Read the series, run the code, check us. — All whitepapers
Conceptual design and simulation study; no machine has been built. Quantitative values are simulation-derived and carry the feasibility gates named in the text; superseded values are kept in the record with era labels. This document is informational and is not an offer of securities. © 2026 Kronos Fusion Energy, Inc. · Los Angeles, California.
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