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The Burner — Aegis & MetroVolt

Why Pure Deuterium Does Not Close in a Mirror

Deuterium-only fuel has better mirror confinement than D-3He — and still cannot close. Here is why.

Pure deuterium-deuterium fuel actually confines better in the burner's mirror than D-3He does — yet it cannot reach net electricity. The failure is not confinement; it is that at a high neutron fraction, too little charged power is left to fund the axial loss.

The science

In the deposited arbiter, pure D-D reaches an engineering gain of only 0.4314, a net deficit (-8,255 MWe), despite a longer confinement time than D-3He. The reason is the charged-power budget: at the deposited point (ion temperature 90 keV), a 41.4% neutron fraction leaves just 173.7 MW of charged power against an 8,779 MW axial loss — a 51-fold shortfall. (A higher-temperature 250 keV scan reports 47.3% / 420 MW / 7,815 MW; those are scan values at a different temperature, not the deposited point.) The machine starves regardless of how well it confines.

Why it matters

This is the counterintuitive result that proves the mechanism. Better confinement does not rescue a fuel whose energy leaves as neutrons, because neutrons cannot pay end losses. It is the cleanest demonstration of why the burner must run helium-3-rich.

The numbers

D-D engineering gain Q_E0.4314 (net -8,255 MWe)
D-D confinementlonger than D-3He, still fails
Deposited point (Ti 90 keV)f_n 41.4%, 173.7 MW charged vs 8,779 MW axial (51x)
Ti 250 keV scan (labeled)47.3% / 420 MW / 7,815 MW
Straight answersThe D-D result is computed in the deposited arbiter, not asserted; it is the negative control that makes the charged-power-budget mechanism — and the helium-3 requirement — rigorous rather than rhetorical.
Kronos is the fusion company that shows its work. Every figure here traces to the openly deposited Kronos simulation programme and design-point records (CC BY 4.0). Read the series, run the code, check us. — All whitepapers
Conceptual design and simulation study; no machine has been built. Quantitative values are simulation-derived and carry the feasibility gates named in the text; superseded values are kept in the record with era labels. This document is informational and is not an offer of securities. © 2026 Kronos Fusion Energy, Inc. · Los Angeles, California.
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