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Publication series 3 — Economics & Market

Compact Footprint, Big Siting Freedom

The best site for new firm power is the one that already has wires — and now it can be.

A tokamak core of major radius 5.75 m — the whole confinement device measured in meters, not hectares — changes what counts as a candidate site: brownfields, retiring plant footprints, industrial campuses.

The science

Compactness is engineered, not asserted: the radial build closes at 1.31 m consumed of 1.73 m available (0.42 m spare, verified in the systems closure), the shield reaches its attenuation target at ≈1.20 m, and the low-neutron source term shrinks both the activation footprint and the emergency-planning conversation. Sub-kilogram tritium inventory (a design rule) keeps the radiological site envelope modest.

The balance of plant is correspondingly lean — the DEC train displaces much of the steam-cycle acreage — so the binding siting constraints become interconnect capacity and cooling, both of which retiring thermal sites already own.

Why it matters

Interconnection queues, not turbines, pace new firm power in most markets. A plant that re-uses existing grid injection points and industrial land skips years — and community acceptance starts from 'the site your town already hosts,' the easiest version of that conversation.

The numbers

Machine scaleR₀ 5.75 m · a 2.875 m
Radial build1.31 of 1.73 m (0.42 m spare)
Tritium site inventory< 1 kg (design rule)
Steam-cycle acreagereduced (DEC-led front end)
Target sitesretiring thermal · brownfield · industrial
Straight answersSite-specific licensing and cooling studies are, by nature, per-project work; the series establishes the envelope (source terms, footprint, inventory) those studies will start from.
Every figure in this paper traces to the openly deposited 81-simulation programme (S01–S81) behind the Kronos MetroVolt four-paper design series — data and code at DOI 10.5281/zenodo.21248916 (CC BY 4.0). Read the series, run the code, check us.
Kronos MetroVolt is a conceptual design study. Quantitative values are simulation-derived and carry the feasibility gates stated in the series; Tier-2 flagship-code confirmations are deposited as runnable decks pending HPC execution. This document is informational and is not an offer of securities. © 2026 Kronos Fusion Energy, Los Angeles.