KRONOS FUSION ENERGYWHITEPAPER 12 / 40
Publication series 1 — The Machine

The Gentle Wall: 0.10–0.12 MW/m² and a Vessel That Lasts the Plant's Life

The cheapest component is the one you never replace.

MetroVolt's first wall sees 0.10–0.12 MW/m² of neutron load — roughly an order of magnitude below a D-T power plant. Over 30 full-power years that integrates to ~30 dpa, inside the vessel alloy's 36-dpa qualification target: the wall is designed to die of old age with the plant.

The science

Wall dose is fuel chemistry made visible: at 5.25% neutronicity, the deposited fluence ledger (KX10) gives 1.0 dpa per full-power year at the MetroVolt wall. The vessel class is a CrMoNbV high-entropy alloy carried against an explicit ≈36-dpa capability qualification — stated as a target for the alloy programme, not a solved problem.

The same ledger, applied with the same conversion to a 2.0–2.5 MW/m² D-T comparator, yields 20–25 dpa/FPY — blanket and wall replacement every 1.2–1.5 full-power years, ~20–25 changeouts over a plant life. MetroVolt schedules zero.

Why it matters

Availability is the quiet variable that decides fusion economics. A blanket-changeout cycle caps a D-T plant near 0.71–0.75 availability; MetroVolt's wall imposes no such cycle, preserving the N+1-redundant plant availability >0.9 computed in the series. That difference alone is worth +33–42% on levelized cost — derived, deposited, and ours to keep.

The numbers

First-wall load0.10–0.12 MW/m²
Dose rate1.0 dpa / full-power year (deposited)
Lifetime dose≈30 dpa over 30 FPY ≤ 36-dpa qualification
Scheduled wall/blanket changeouts0 (vs ~20–25 for D-T comparator)
Availability protected>0.9 (N+1 basis)
Straight answersThe 36-dpa figure is a qualification target for the CrMoNbV alloy class at the design dose, carried openly as a materials-programme requirement rather than an achieved certification.
Every figure in this paper traces to the openly deposited 81-simulation programme (S01–S81) behind the Kronos MetroVolt four-paper design series — data and code at DOI 10.5281/zenodo.21248916 (CC BY 4.0). Read the series, run the code, check us.
Kronos MetroVolt is a conceptual design study. Quantitative values are simulation-derived and carry the feasibility gates stated in the series; Tier-2 flagship-code confirmations are deposited as runnable decks pending HPC execution. This document is informational and is not an offer of securities. © 2026 Kronos Fusion Energy, Los Angeles.