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KRONOS FUSION ENERGY · FIGURE LIBRARY

Physics figure library

A computed, canon-locked library of 138 figures and animations spanning the physics of the Hyperion spherical-tokamak breeder and the Aegis/MetroVolt D-3He tandem-mirror burner: plasma equilibrium, gyrokinetic transport, neutronics, the tritium fuel cycle, magnetic-mirror confinement, direct energy conversion, materials and operations.

Hyperion breeder — spherical tokamak: fusion gain Q 3.076, 85.04 MW fusion power, 9.66 MA plasma current, on-axis field B0 8.0 T (16.84 T coil peak, 26.49 T conductor peak), negative triangularity delta -0.30, tritium breeding ratio 1.42 (~2.0 kg-T per year per unit), CGYRO turbulence suppression of -40% ion and -80% electron transport, 99.98% alpha heating. Aegis / MetroVolt burner — D-3He tandem magnetic mirror: engineering gain Q_E 1.318, 4298.5 MW, neutron fraction 5.44%, mirror plug ratio 16x, +850 MWe net electric. 164 de-risking gate analyses. All figures are computed and canon-locked to the ratified freeze of 2026-08-27. Canon-locked design.

Featured — computed

Featured computed set — the flagship Grad-Shafranov equilibrium, mirror confinement, plasma profiles, neutron/breeding maps and conservation checks.

Anim turbulence — Kronos Fusion Energy computed figure,
Anim turbulence
Breeder conservation — Kronos Fusion Energy computed figure,
Breeder conservation
Breeder equilibrium — Kronos Fusion Energy computed figure,
Breeder equilibrium
Breeder neutron breeding — Kronos Fusion Energy computed figure,
Breeder neutron breeding
Breeder profiles — Kronos Fusion Energy computed figure,
Breeder profiles
Burner confinement — Kronos Fusion Energy computed figure,
Burner confinement

A · Equilibrium & MHD

Plasma equilibrium and MHD stability — flux surfaces, safety-factor profiles, Shafranov shift, the Troyon beta limit, elongation, bootstrap current and vertical stability.

Xpoint divertor — Kronos Fusion Energy computed figure,
Xpoint divertor
Troyon limit — Kronos Fusion Energy computed figure,
Troyon limit
Q map — Kronos Fusion Energy computed figure,
Q map
Flux surfaces — Kronos Fusion Energy computed figure,
Flux surfaces
Triangularity scan — Kronos Fusion Energy computed figure,
Triangularity scan
Q profile — Kronos Fusion Energy computed figure,
Q profile
Pressure profile — Kronos Fusion Energy computed figure,
Pressure profile
Shafranov shift — Kronos Fusion Energy computed figure,
Shafranov shift
Elongation scan — Kronos Fusion Energy computed figure,
Elongation scan
Current density — Kronos Fusion Energy computed figure,
Current density
Bootstrap fraction — Kronos Fusion Energy computed figure,
Bootstrap fraction
Vertical stability — Kronos Fusion Energy computed figure,
Vertical stability

B · Transport & turbulence

Transport and turbulence — CGYRO gyrokinetic predictions, heat-flux profiles, the -40% ion / -80% electron flux reduction, growth-rate spectra, zonal flows and confinement scaling.

Flux saturation — Kronos Fusion Energy computed figure,
Flux saturation
Exb shear — Kronos Fusion Energy computed figure,
Exb shear
Correlation length — Kronos Fusion Energy computed figure,
Correlation length
Drift wave heatmap — Kronos Fusion Energy computed figure,
Drift wave heatmap
Chi profiles — Kronos Fusion Energy computed figure,
Chi profiles
Transport reduction — Kronos Fusion Energy computed figure,
Transport reduction
Growth spectrum — Kronos Fusion Energy computed figure,
Growth spectrum
Zonal flow — Kronos Fusion Energy computed figure,
Zonal flow
Gyrobohm — Kronos Fusion Energy computed figure,
Gyrobohm
Taue scaling — Kronos Fusion Energy computed figure,
Taue scaling
H factor — Kronos Fusion Energy computed figure,
H factor
Flux pdf — Kronos Fusion Energy computed figure,
Flux pdf

C · Neutronics

Neutronics — first-wall neutron loading, spatial tritium-breeding maps, the 14.1 MeV neutron spectrum, displacement damage, activation and nuclear heating.

Flux vs radius — Kronos Fusion Energy computed figure,
Flux vs radius
Wall load polar — Kronos Fusion Energy computed figure,
Wall load polar
Gas production — Kronos Fusion Energy computed figure,
Gas production
Firstwall load — Kronos Fusion Energy computed figure,
Firstwall load
Tbr map — Kronos Fusion Energy computed figure,
Tbr map
Neutron spectrum — Kronos Fusion Energy computed figure,
Neutron spectrum
Energy multiplication — Kronos Fusion Energy computed figure,
Energy multiplication
Dpa profile — Kronos Fusion Energy computed figure,
Dpa profile
Activation decay — Kronos Fusion Energy computed figure,
Activation decay
Shield attenuation — Kronos Fusion Energy computed figure,
Shield attenuation
Nuclear heating — Kronos Fusion Energy computed figure,
Nuclear heating
Tritium production — Kronos Fusion Energy computed figure,
Tritium production

D · Fuel cycle

Tritium fuel cycle — breed-and-return balance, inventory evolution, breeding-ratio sensitivity and doubling time toward self-sufficiency.

Selfsuff map — Kronos Fusion Energy computed figure,
Selfsuff map
Breed return — Kronos Fusion Energy computed figure,
Breed return
Inventory time — Kronos Fusion Energy computed figure,
Inventory time
Tbr tornado — Kronos Fusion Energy computed figure,
Tbr tornado
Extraction sweep — Kronos Fusion Energy computed figure,
Extraction sweep
Startup inventory — Kronos Fusion Energy computed figure,
Startup inventory
Doubling time — Kronos Fusion Energy computed figure,
Doubling time
Required tbr — Kronos Fusion Energy computed figure,
Required tbr
Loss waterfall — Kronos Fusion Energy computed figure,
Loss waterfall
Fuel loop — Kronos Fusion Energy computed figure,
Fuel loop

E · Mirror physics

Magnetic-mirror physics — axial field profiles, mirror ratio, the velocity-space loss cone, magnetic well, sloshing-ion orbits and the ambipolar potential.

Endplug field — Kronos Fusion Energy computed figure,
Endplug field
Pressure balance — Kronos Fusion Energy computed figure,
Pressure balance
Beta vs rm — Kronos Fusion Energy computed figure,
Beta vs rm
Axial field — Kronos Fusion Energy computed figure,
Axial field
Mirror ratio — Kronos Fusion Energy computed figure,
Mirror ratio
Loss cone — Kronos Fusion Energy computed figure,
Loss cone
Magnetic well — Kronos Fusion Energy computed figure,
Magnetic well
Sloshing orbit — Kronos Fusion Energy computed figure,
Sloshing orbit
Ambipolar potential — Kronos Fusion Energy computed figure,
Ambipolar potential
Confinement vs rm — Kronos Fusion Energy computed figure,
Confinement vs rm
Yushmanov — Kronos Fusion Energy computed figure,
Yushmanov
Vspace diffusion — Kronos Fusion Energy computed figure,
Vspace diffusion

F · Direct conversion

Direct energy conversion — ion energy spectra, collector efficiency, voltage stages and the expander that turns charged fusion products into electricity without steam.

Eff vs throat — Kronos Fusion Energy computed figure,
Eff vs throat
Ion spectrum — Kronos Fusion Energy computed figure,
Ion spectrum
Dec efficiency — Kronos Fusion Energy computed figure,
Dec efficiency
Collector stages — Kronos Fusion Energy computed figure,
Collector stages
Qe vs recirc — Kronos Fusion Energy computed figure,
Qe vs recirc
Expander field — Kronos Fusion Energy computed figure,
Expander field
Ion fan — Kronos Fusion Energy computed figure,
Ion fan
Grid transparency — Kronos Fusion Energy computed figure,
Grid transparency
Power flow — Kronos Fusion Energy computed figure,
Power flow
Space charge — Kronos Fusion Energy computed figure,
Space charge

G · Power balance

Power balance — energy Sankey diagrams, scientific and engineering gain, recirculating power and net electric output.

Sankey breeder — Kronos Fusion Energy computed figure,
Sankey breeder
Sankey burner — Kronos Fusion Energy computed figure,
Sankey burner
Q vs input — Kronos Fusion Energy computed figure,
Q vs input
Qe vs recirc — Kronos Fusion Energy computed figure,
Qe vs recirc
Thermal efficiency — Kronos Fusion Energy computed figure,
Thermal efficiency
Startup ramp — Kronos Fusion Energy computed figure,
Startup ramp
Heatload partition — Kronos Fusion Energy computed figure,
Heatload partition
Net electric — Kronos Fusion Energy computed figure,
Net electric

H · Materials & magnets

Materials and magnets — REBCO critical current, the critical surface, magnet load lines, structural stress, sputtering and quench behaviour.

Field ripple — Kronos Fusion Energy computed figure,
Field ripple
Rebco jc b — Kronos Fusion Energy computed figure,
Rebco jc b
Critical surface — Kronos Fusion Energy computed figure,
Critical surface
Load line — Kronos Fusion Energy computed figure,
Load line
Coil field map — Kronos Fusion Energy computed figure,
Coil field map
Conductor stress — Kronos Fusion Energy computed figure,
Conductor stress
Sputtering yield — Kronos Fusion Energy computed figure,
Sputtering yield
Firstwall thermal — Kronos Fusion Energy computed figure,
Firstwall thermal
Quench propagation — Kronos Fusion Energy computed figure,
Quench propagation
Fatigue — Kronos Fusion Energy computed figure,
Fatigue

I · Operations

Operations — plasma current ramp, burn timeline and the cold-start-to-steady-burn sequence.

Current ramp — Kronos Fusion Energy computed figure,
Current ramp
Burn timeline — Kronos Fusion Energy computed figure,
Burn timeline
Pulse vs steady — Kronos Fusion Energy computed figure,
Pulse vs steady
Availability — Kronos Fusion Energy computed figure,
Availability
State clock — Kronos Fusion Energy computed figure,
State clock
Density ramp — Kronos Fusion Energy computed figure,
Density ramp
Heating schedule — Kronos Fusion Energy computed figure,
Heating schedule
Duty cycle — Kronos Fusion Energy computed figure,
Duty cycle

J · Comparative & scaling

Comparative and scaling — fusion gain versus machine size, the negative-triangularity advantage and aspect-ratio scans.

Q vs size — Kronos Fusion Energy computed figure,
Q vs size
Negd benefit — Kronos Fusion Energy computed figure,
Negd benefit
Aspect ratio — Kronos Fusion Energy computed figure,
Aspect ratio
Field vs perf — Kronos Fusion Energy computed figure,
Field vs perf
Regime scatter — Kronos Fusion Energy computed figure,
Regime scatter
Tbr by blanket — Kronos Fusion Energy computed figure,
Tbr by blanket
Mirror vs tokamak — Kronos Fusion Energy computed figure,
Mirror vs tokamak
Roadmap sweep — Kronos Fusion Energy computed figure,
Roadmap sweep

K · Dynamic phenomena

Dynamic phenomena — animated gyromotion, vertical displacement events, NBI trapping and heat pulses.

Heat pulse — Kronos Fusion Energy computed figure,
Heat pulse
Avalanche transport — Kronos Fusion Energy computed figure,
Avalanche transport
Streamer zonal — Kronos Fusion Energy computed figure,
Streamer zonal
Barrier spreading — Kronos Fusion Energy computed figure,
Barrier spreading
Neutron tracks — Kronos Fusion Energy computed figure,
Neutron tracks
Damage cascade — Kronos Fusion Energy computed figure,
Damage cascade
Tritium permeation — Kronos Fusion Energy computed figure,
Tritium permeation
Blanket thermal — Kronos Fusion Energy computed figure,
Blanket thermal
Flute stabilization — Kronos Fusion Energy computed figure,
Flute stabilization
Gyromotion — Kronos Fusion Energy computed figure,
Gyromotion
Sawtooth cycle — Kronos Fusion Energy computed figure,
Sawtooth cycle
Rf heating — Kronos Fusion Energy computed figure,
Rf heating
Thermal barrier — Kronos Fusion Energy computed figure,
Thermal barrier
Nbi trapping — Kronos Fusion Energy computed figure,
Nbi trapping
Expander plume — Kronos Fusion Energy computed figure,
Expander plume
Dec collection — Kronos Fusion Energy computed figure,
Dec collection
Flux creep — Kronos Fusion Energy computed figure,
Flux creep
Coil charging — Kronos Fusion Energy computed figure,
Coil charging
Fatigue crack — Kronos Fusion Energy computed figure,
Fatigue crack
Duty cycle day — Kronos Fusion Energy computed figure,
Duty cycle day
Fleet scaleup — Kronos Fusion Energy computed figure,
Fleet scaleup
Tearing island — Kronos Fusion Energy computed figure,
Tearing island
Mirror vs tokamak — Kronos Fusion Energy computed figure,
Mirror vs tokamak
Pellet injection — Kronos Fusion Energy computed figure,
Pellet injection
Elm vs negd — Kronos Fusion Energy computed figure,
Elm vs negd
Alpha slowing — Kronos Fusion Energy computed figure,
Alpha slowing
Bootstrap buildup — Kronos Fusion Energy computed figure,
Bootstrap buildup
Divertor detachment — Kronos Fusion Energy computed figure,
Divertor detachment
Breakdown avalanche — Kronos Fusion Energy computed figure,
Breakdown avalanche
Vde — Kronos Fusion Energy computed figure,
Vde